مجموعه مقالات دومين همايش مردمسالارى دينى - جمعى از نويسندگان - الصفحة ٣٠٨
( ١ )the right to association and dissociation, and) ٢ (the right against inhumane, cruel, and degrading behaviour.
[١]
A further source of controversy, as Bellamy suggests, concerns the boundaries of each kind of civil right and freedom, as is the case, for instance, with regard to freedom of speech. Whilst in the United Kingdom individuals are not free to reproduce classified information, or to slander each other, in the United States the limitation of freedom of speech is put on ' maliciously shouting" fire" in a crowded room or incitement to racial hatred'. One more source for disagreement on rights and liberties is ranking different types of freedom such as freedom of speech, freedom of association and the like when they clash in some cases. A clear case of competition between two irreconcilable civil freedoms, as Bellamy argues, concerns liberals' view about freedom of speech including insulting religious sacred figures that conflicts with religious believers' notion of a right not to be offended in this wav.
[٢]
The solution, according to Gray, lies in appealing to some specific conception of the good society in a specific society based on its particular history and circumstances. Gray emphasises that the conflict among liberal freedoms is not caused by the imperfection of human society. Rather, the full exercise of all rights and liberties is not even logically conceivable. He concludes that since the conflict among different rights and liberties is deeply subject to the incommens urability of values, the only way to settle this type of conflict is to rank them on the basis of the relative ' importance' of different human interests protected by these rights and liberties. This in its turn will demand us to appeal to our specific conception of the good life. What Gray infers from this argument is that like nonliberal regimes, all liberal regimes construct a particular conception of the good Iife.
[٣]
Therefore, proposing a collection of rights and liberties that can be neutrat with regard to conceptions of the good and consequently can be imposed on all societies is inconceivable and unjustifiable. To articulate those rights and liberties, which should be guaranteed in religious democracy, this paper categorise them into four groups:( a )political rights,) b (security rights,) c (civil liberties, and) d (welfare rights.
[١] -، ؟ ،،. ١،، ٢٠(.، ١٩٩٢)،. ١٢٨ ١١٦
[٢] -،،(:، ٢٠٠٠)،. ١٧٦، ١٤٦- ٧
[٣] -،،(:، ٢٠٠٠)،. ٧٠- ٨٠، ٢- ٢