and advantages of this type of writing as an efficient method which is necessary for the present time are some issues discussed by the author in this paper.

Key Words: Writing Notes، Hadiths، Writing، Teachings، Hadith Texts.

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Mohammad Mahdi Ehsanifar

Criteria for Analysis of Hadith Sources and Its Status in Istinad and Takhrij

Hadith books are divided into two groups: sources and Intermediary books. The older books which contain a considerable amount of hadiths are usually called "source". These books are mostly used for scientific references. To give an exact definition of source book، we need to a clear criterion in this regard. It can be discovered through the word and its implications and utilized for research method of hadith sciences. After the analysis of the criterion for defining source books، some standards can be set forth for the level of referring to these books in opposition to intermediary books. This provides the researchers with easy access to sources and enhances the level of takhrij.

Key Words: Hadith Sources، Early Sources، Intermediary Books، Hadith Compilations، Knowledge of Takhrij، Hadith Sciences، Method of Research.

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Sayyed Mohammad Hossein Mirsane`

Independent Treatises of Bihar al-Anwar

Bihar al-Anwar (Oceans of Lights) is a comprehensive collection of traditions compiled by the Shi'i scholar Mulla Muhammad Baqir، known as 'Allama Majlisi (d. ١١١٠/١٦٩٨). Probably completed between ١١٠٦/١٦٩٤ and ١١١٠/١٦٩٨، it is an encyclopedia of ahadith، historical subjects and commentaries on many Qur'anic verses. Bihar al-Anwar has ١١٠ volumes. Majlisi wrote it to gather all the wisdom he could find، in order to preserve that knowledge for following generations. His goal was to collect every single narration available، not to sift through and find the reliable ones، so only a trained scholar can determine which ones are authentic. The collection is the most comprehensive (as a single collection) among all Islamic hadith collections. The author collected narrations related from the Shi'i Imams، using both Shi'i and Sunni sources. The collection also includes his well-researched commentary on these narrations. The present paper only deals with the treatises of this great book.

Key Words: Independent Treatises، Bihar al-Anwar.

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