زندگى تحت توفيقات اصول اخلاق - مكارم شيرازى، ناصر - الصفحة ٦٠ - Silence and reticence

which understanding great realities is possible. Furthermore, silence is tranquilizer of soul and moderator of sentiments.

٣- Chattiness as the opposite point of silence, makes manimprovident, because it increases man's errors, decreases hisshame, and breaking the barrier of shame as a result of excessof errors, it simplifies evil deeds for man as Imam Ali A. S. says:

«مَنْ كَثُرَ كَلامُهُ كَثُرَ خَطَأُهُ، وَ مَنْ كَثُرَ خَطَأُهُ قَلَّ حَياؤُهُ وَ مَنْ قَلَّ حَياؤُهُ قَلَّ وَرَعُهُ، وَ مَنْ قَلَّ وَرَعُهُ ماتَ قَلْبُهُ، وَ مَنْ ماتَ قَلْبُهُ دَخَلَ النّارَ» ..

He, who speaks more, commits more errors. He, whocommits more errors, becomes shameless. He, who is shameless, would have less fear of Allah. He whose fear of Allah is less, his heart dies. He, whose heart dies, enters Hell.. [١]

And perhaps on this account, silence is considered as one ofthe important sorbs..

«الْعِبادَةُ عَشَرَةُ اجْزاءٍ تِسْعَةٌ مِنْها فِي الصَّمْتِ» ..

Worship has ten portions, nine of which exist in silence.. [٢]

It should not be mistaken; silence is not like seclusion anddissociation which remove the object of sin. Rather, it is a sort ofavoiding sin, and in cases that man finds a desire to some sinsincluding slander, sin, when he selects continence and silence, hehas acquired a virtue for his health.

It should be also mentioned that silence when speaking isnecessary, is considered as one of the greatest faults, and is thesign of weakness, humbleness, disability, lack of spiritualb ravery, and fear of else than God.

It is also noteworthy that as most of sins are performed bytongue, a large portion of services and good deeds, like God'srememb rance, guiding people, training and education, bid togood, and forbid of wrong, warfare with utterance, too areperformed by tongue.

[١]Nahjol Balaghe ,a phorisms ,no .٩٤٣

[٢]Feise Kashani ,Mohajjatol Beisae ,٦٩١ /٥