مسائل المنتخبه (Articles Of Islamic Acts) - الخوئي، السيد أبوالقاسم - الصفحة ٣٦٥ - METHOD OF ASCERTAINING THE FIRST DATE OF A MONTH

(iii) If two just persons say that they have sighted the moon. The first date of the month will not, however, be proved if they differ about the particulars of the moon.
(iv) When ٣٠ days pass from the ١st of the moon of Shaban, the ١st of Ramazan is proved; and when ٣٠ days pass from the ١st of Ramazan the ١st of Shawwal is proved.
١٧٤٠. The ١st date of a month is not proved by the order of a religious leader (Mujtahid! and it is better to observe precaution
١٧٤١. The first date of a month is not proved by the prediction of the.astronomers. However, if a person believes in what they say or is satisfied with it, heshould act.according to their statement.
١٧٤٢. If the moon is high up in the sky, or sets late ,it is not a proof that it appeared in the previous night. However, if the moon is seen before noon, that daywill be treated to be the ١st of the month (i.e. it will be assumed that the new moon appeared in the previous night.) Similarly ii there is a halo round it,it indicates thatthe new moon appeared in the previous night.
١٧٤٣. If the first date of the month of Ramazan is not proved to a person and he does not observe fast, and if it is proved later that the previous night was thenight of Ramazan, he should observe lapsed fast of that day.
١٧٤٤. If the first date of a month is proved in a city it is also proved in other city Whether they are near or far and whether or not they have a common horizon,provided they have a common night, even though when it is the first part of the night in one of them it is the last part of the night in the other.
١٧٤٥. The first date of a month is not proved by a telegram except when one knows that the telegram is based on the testimony of two Aadil men or some otherreliable source.
١٧٤٦. If a person does not know whether it is the last day of Ramazan or the first of Shawwal, he should observe fast on that