علوم سیاسی - دفتر تبلیغات اسلامی حوزه علمیه قم - الصفحة ٢ - Abstracts
Abstracts
THE EFFICIENCY OF POLITICAL FIQH
Sayyed Nooroddin Shariatmadar
efficient role in the social arena. But, now the question is whether the
of the time. From the very beginning, the Political Fiqh could not play an
social, spiritual, political, economical, judiciary, and international needs
political Fiqh can satisfy all the individual,
to the state as reasonable, and as a result, not related to Fiqh and
inferrence. Some have considered most affairs and issues related
that any thing reasonable and confirmed by Sharia can be considered as a
any social and However, from the definition of Fiqh it can be underestood
have included reason and comman usage as the basis for Fiqh inferrences,
Fiqh-related issue as well. religious precept. In other words, since Faqihs
political precept which is based on reason is a
religious precepts, there are other sources such as: eternal evil and
In addition to reasoning and using Quran and traditions for inferring
decrees related to the state, development of the objectives of Ijtihad,
Ijtihad. expediency, the eternal nature of man, variable and fixed issues,
dynamic Ijtihad, and the role of time and space in
THE INTERTWINING OF ETHICS AND POLITICS
IN
GHAZZALI'S THOUGH
Sayyed Mohammad Reza Ahmadi Tabataba'ee
and Faqih in the fifth century(AH). An outstanding feature of his
and ethics. Abu Hamed Mohammad Ghazzali is a great Muslem intellectual
of ethics and politics. He views politics from the perspective of religion
political thought is the intertwining
of how to attain power, but the means for moral improvement and guiding
and Caliphate. Thus, politics, in his view, is not the science of power and
world and the other world. His ideas can de studied in two ways: Sultanate
human beings to salvation in this
THE CHARACTRISTICS OF THE SHIITE POLITICAL FIQH
Alireza Sadra
as a comprehensive guide from Allah. In the Islamic primary sources,
From Shiism, like other Islamic sects, believed in the existence of sharia .
the political Fiqh, sharia entered the political life arena of the Moslems
by the Imams as in Quran and traditions which are the primary basis for
Fiqh started developing. This trend towards political Fiqh was strengthened
of the Imamiyye Fiqh. the early second century so far, Shiite political
and thus called Imamiyye Fiqh. This article is to study the charactristics
especially Imam Baghir,
THE POLITICAL BEHAVIOR OF FAQIHS
IN THE MIDDLE PERIOD
Yaghubali Borji
despotic rulers within the framework of Welayat are presented. The writer
the writings and In this article instances of the cooperation of Faqihs with
be accounted for resorting to their Fiqh-based belief. A close attention to
and accepted their sovereignty believes the cooperation of these Faqihs can
clarify that the main reason why these ulama cooperated with despotic rulers
is the principle of Welayat-e Faqih. speeches of these ulama will
STATE IN MOHAGHEGH-E HELLI'S THOUGHT
Rohollah Shariati
In his political thought, state is a necessity for societies and it is a .
of Mohaghegh-e Helli is a Shiite Faqih living in the seventh century (AH)
social problem. He believes only the one who is well aware of the precepts
is potentially a just ruler who can help to improve societies and to remove
to rule. A grand Faqih possessing all the requirements, he believes,
to represent the last Imam. Allah and who is just and faithful is legitimate
legitimate ruler because he is the only one
and ruler, he discusses the notion of enjoining good and forbidding evil,
of Welayat and state. After presenting the mutual responsibilities of people
considering it as the implication of the acceptance
THE POLITICAL THOUGHTS OF THE FIRST MARTYR
Sayyed Mohammad Reza Musavian
the First Martyr is an outstanding Faqih from Jabal Amel in the Ayyubids
in Iran, he was Shaykh Shams Al-Din Mohammad Ben Makki Ameli known as
environment and to have relationships with the Sarbedaran of Khorasan
and finally martyred. Period. Trying to spread Shiism in an anti-Shiite
imprisoned
status of reason in religious precepts, he proposes his political ideas
state Relying on the relationship between religion and reason and the
of the state according to this perspective. According to him, a desirable
The main within the domain of the Shiite Fiqh, and studies the origin .
and a grand Faqih possessing all the requirements in the Period of Absence
of people in the arena of can only be actualised by the prophet, the Imams,
conditions that he proposes for the dethronement of rulers. The status
important issues he discusses over. point in his ideas lies in the specific
power and the mutual relationship between a person and the state are other
political
ALLAMEH MAJLESSI AND THE SOVEREIGNTY OF FAQIH
Abolfazl Sultan-Mohammadi
sovereignty of Faqih, the most serious issue in the Shiite political Fiqh,
the twelfth The political views of Allameh Mohammad Baghir Majlessi on the
and the personal qualities of Islamic rulers in the Absence Period, when
to Majlessi by are studied in this article. The theoretical basis,
discussed here. Finally, the theory of "Legitimate Sultanate" , attributed
is challenged by the writer. Shiite Imam is absent from the earth, are also
some scholars,
RATIONALIST AND TRADITIONIST APPROACHES
IN THE SHIITE POLITICAL FIQH
Sayyed Mohsen Ale-Ghafoor
among Moslems was the result of attention to different verses of the Holy
of Mo'tazele The emergence of rationalist and traditionist approaches
denoting devotion. These different approaches to Quran led to the formation
the Shiites. This difference was the Quran, some denoting reasoning and some
among the Sunnites and Osuliyyun (rationalists) and traditionists among
for many religious and socio-political conflicts. and Asha'arites schools
cause
in Bagdad in the fourth century (AH) and continued up to eleventh century,
Ray schools of thought. The development of rationalism in Imamiyye started
dominating Qum and
the revival of traditionism among the Shiite scholars. And, as a result,
١٢th century. But, later, the intellectual and political changes resulted in
dominated most intellectual schools in Iran, Iraq, and Bahrain in
traditionism
of Allameh Vahid Behbahani and his followers and Shaikh Morteza Ansari,
dominated once more. However, with the scientific and practical measures
rationalism
POLITICAL SYSTEM AND THE STATE IN ISLAM(١)
A GENERAL IMAGE OF THE ISLAMIC POLITICAL SYSTEM AND THE STATE))
Davood Fayrahi
is not only indicative of the existence of a set of institutions, but also
the form The state in the Islamic society, as in any other human societies,
called the Islamic civility. However, acquiring a complete Perception of
as it actually indicative of the existence of specific views and actions
of general theories which intend to define, describe, and explain the state
is. and structure of the state requires underestanding
of the state in the world of Islam and probably measures to act upon.
Each of these theories is, in fact, a project to explain the nature
underestand, and evaluate different theories of the state in Islam within
system. In this way, a number of articles have been written to compare,
to present the general picture and charactristics of the Islamic political
the systemic analysis approach. The first article is
THE ROOTS OF AUTHORITY
IN THE IRANIAN POLITICAL CULTURE
IN THE FIRST ERA OF THE QAJAR REIGN))
Rahim Raufat
the Qajar Reign. An important feature of this era lies in its traditional
and to a This research is to study the Iranian society in the first era of
civilization. Thus, the political behaviour of this society is naturally
political socio-political structure's not being affected by the Western
In this historical juncture, the roots of authority in the Iranian .
this study. great extent harmonious with the Iranian historical background
and traditions. These two sources of authority are the subject matter of
culture can theoretically be based in religion
WELAYATE-E FAQIH FRAM THE VIEWPOINT
OF SAYYED ABDULHOSSAYN LARI
Ali Akhtarshahr
theory of Welayat-e Faqih over which the Shiite jurists discussed in the
Ansari, An important achievement of the political thoughts of Shiism is the
Lari, while writing explanatory notes on the book Makaseb written by Sheikh
a Faqih, besides having Period of Absence of the twelfth Imam. Ayattollah
in which he presents a discussion over Welayat-e Faqih. He believes that
some of which are the right to act wrote a book called "Welayat-e Faqih"
affairs has many other positions rooted in the positions of the Imams,
of judgement and ruling over people. Welayat (sovereignty) over public
affairs, the right to Ijtihad and to infer divine precepts, the position
upon non-litigious legal
THE WHAT AND HOW OF SOCIETY
FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF AYATOLLAH MOTAHHARI
Hamid Parsania
with reference to the works of Ayatollah Motahhari. In addition, other
The writer This article is to find an answer to the what and how of society .
presented and compared to those of Ayatollah Motahhari and finally evaluated
for the possibility of the Moslem scholars' answers to the question are
reasoning for the existence of society is problematic, his justification
quotes is only limited to Quranic verses. believes that though Motahhari's
of society is strong and plausible. In addition, the reasons he
actualization
SHURA-BASED SYSTEMS
FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF AYATOLLAH TALEGHANI
Ali Shirkhani
developed a Shura-based system to secure the rights and the political
based on Having a deep underestanding of despotism, Ayatollah Taleghani
provincial councils, and the Islamic Consultative Assembly, is religiously
compare Shura with participation of people. Shura, including rural councils,
allow the people to proceed towards high humanitarian and social goals. To
groups that rule, but in the Shura-based traditions and Quranic verses which
it can be said that in the parliamentarian systems they are the powerful
the social arena and their political participation. parliamentarian systems,
models the Shura secures the presence of the people in
FIGH FROM THE MASHROOTE MOVEMENT TO THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENTS OF THE SHIITE
THE ISLAMIC REVOLUTION POLITICAL
Abbas Haydari Behnu'iyye
political Fiqh took over which implied that the responsibilities for
movement onward, a new discourse in the Shiite كof From the Mashroot
during the Period of Absence. As a result, the discourse of "the suspension
the formation of a Faqihs to rule over the Islamic society is not suspended
This discursive change in the Shiite political Fiqh was the result of .
of researches within the ruling during the Period of Absence" was discarded
Fiqh, which dominated the Shiite scientific atomsphere. The extension
social status of Faqihs, and the new form of Ijtihad in the Shiite political
the impact of the school of thought of Mullah Sadra, the improvement in the
causes of the formation of this new discourse. framework of Ilm Al-Qsul,
inadequacy of despotic systems of ruling are the main