علوم سیاسی - دفتر تبلیغات اسلامی حوزه علمیه قم - الصفحة ٣ - The Abstracts of Articles

The Abstracts of Articles



 
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difuM hkiehS fo sthguoht eht ni metsys lacitilop etiihS
Ali Khaleghi
Shahid Beheshti Medical Sciences University
Abstract
According to the jurisprudential-political approach of the Shiite ulama, a political system is a collection of methods and tools that a society utilizes to organize and form the political life within the Imamate and Wellayat system. Sheikh Mufid has depicted the ideal Shiite political system as the rule of a just Imam over religious and worldly affairs, regarding the Wellayat of the jurisprudents, who have all the necessary conditions and are permitted by the Imam, as the best model of such political system at the time of occultation.
Keywords: political system, just sultan, Wellayat of the ulama, and the interaction of people and rulers.
 
[٢] Separation of powers in Iran Sharif Lakza'ee
Research Center for Political Thought and Sciences
Abstract
Though the separation of powers has nowadays a considerable status in legal studies, it is a significant concept in political philosophy and thought, thus, provoking different interpretations. It is also dominating on the constitution of many countries. The present paper, elaborating on the different interpretations of the concept, refers to its historical origins in the West and studies it with respect to the ideas of the Iranian thinkers of the Constitutional Movement and the Islamic Revolution.
Keywords: separation of powers, Wellayat-e Faqih, Constitutional Movement, Islamic Republic of Iran.
 
[٣] A comparative study of sultanate theories
Seyyed Mohsen Tabataba'ee-far MA in political sciences
Abstract
This paper studies the possibility of comparing the Shiite sultanate model with the Safavid and Qajar governments. Since there is no comprehensive definition of the Shiite sultanate model, the paper tries to clarify its limits through studying the Sunnite and Iranshahri theories of sultanate. Admitting the hierarchy of cosmic order, a particular approach to the evil, the compatibility of religion and sultanate, the sultanate awe, and the sultan's being under the shadow [support] of Allah's are among the common characteristics of sultanate theories. A divine and sacred conception of sultanate is developed the Sunnites to justify existing situation and the problem of the relationship between sultanate and sharia. Apart from the above characteristics, the Shiite sultanate has added another principle to sultanate, which secured the Shiite identity distinguished between the Shiite model of sultanate and the competing models. This crucial principle, which was never brought into consideration before the Safavid period, involved with the explanation of the relationship between sultanate and Imamate.
Keywords: sultanate theory, Iranshahri sultanate, Sunnite sultanate, Shiite sultanate and Imamate.
 
[٤] The political thoughts of Mir Seyyed Ali Hamedani
Abdorreza Ahmadi
Political Thought Research Institute
Abstract
The present paper is an attempt to introduce the political thoughts of Mir Seyyed Ali Hamedani, a well-known ٨th (H.) century mystic.
Hamedani perceives politics as an outstanding mystic, considering the ruler himself as the primary source of social change. In his political discussions, Hamedani's main concern is the correction of the ruler's personality. The necessity of society, the necessity of politics and government, the relationship between religion and ethics and governments and the legitimacy of government from Hamedani's viewpoint are among the issues presented in this paper.
Keywords: Mir Seyyed Ali Hamedani, politics, government, religion, ethics, legitimacy, protection of society.
 
[٥] Ayatollah Motahhari's Viewpoints on Civil Society
Ali Maleki
MA in Political Sciences
Bagher Al-Olum Higher Education
Abstract
This paper is a study of Ayatollah Motahhari's views on civil society. Though he does not deal with civil society directly, some of its features can be extracted from his works. Therefore, after defining civil society and enumerating its features, the paper elaborates on two basic features of civil society, i.e. cultural (religious) and political pluralism, based on Ayatollah Motahhari's thoughts. He accepts religious pluralism in intra-religious affairs under some conditions, and political pluralism in the Shiite society. As a result, his thoughts are compatible with the formation of civil society if it is not against religious laws.
Keywords: civil society, Morteza Motahhari, political pluralism, cultural pluralism.
 
[٦] A critical approach to Seyyed Jamal's reformist discourse
Maghsood Ranjbar
PhD student in political sciences
Islamic Azad University
Abstract
The present paper is a critical study of Seyyed Jamal's thoughts and political struggles and is to bring into consideration the inefficiencies in his thought and practice. To do so, the theoretical basis of his thought and his attitude towards the reformative discourse,i.e. the Islamic unity, standing against despotism, and the role of science in development are studied critically.
Keywords: the Islamic unity, Seyyed Jamal Addin, reformative discourse, despotism.
 
[٧] Sufism and politics in thoughts of Abd-al-Salam Yasin
Seyyed Mostafa Matba'echi
MA in Islamic Sciences
Abstract
An extraordinary phenomenon in Morocco is the grouping of two seemingly incompatible_ if not contradictory_ phenomena, i.e.
Sufism and politics. One who succeeded to do so is a Sufist sheikh called Sheikh Abd-al-Salam Yasin. He founded a political movement which is now one of most important Islamic political groups in Morocco. To introduce this Islamic Sufist movement, we present a brief historical account of the movement followed by the thoughts of the founder and the intellectual and spiritual leader of the movement.
Keywords: Morocco, Abd-al-Salam Yasin, Islamic movements and parties, political Islam, Sufism and politics.
 
[٨] Eghbal Lahori and the mysteries of the self
Ghader Fazeli
Professor at Howzeh and University
Abstract
Eghbal is the only poet who has dealt with the problem of the self more than any other thing. Form his point of view man's personal and social fortune and misfortune are dependent on the recognition or lack of the recognition of the self. Not only are all advancements the realization of the glorification of the self, but the universe is realization of the mysteries of the self. Recognition of the mysteries of the self entails the recognition of the divine mysteries, with the man himself being one of the greatest mysteries of His. Forgetting one's self equals to forgetting God and its consequence is worshipping other than God. The more man neglects his self, the more he is lured to worship others. The self is different stages which start form worshiping God and end in being deputy of God's caliphate on the earth.
Keywords: mysteries of the self, Eghbal Lahori, self, worshiping others, Moslemhood, deputy of God.
 
[٩] The history of Ijtihad from Seyyed Morteza to Shahid Thani
and its impact on the Shiite political thought
Rasool Jafarian
Howzeh and University Research Center
Abstract
The ignorant's asking questions of the wise is an issue greatly emphasized in the holly Qur'an. This rational subject, afterwards, divided the society into the wise and the ignorant and resulted in the binary division of the mufti and the mustafti (the fatwa receiver).
Ijtihad (jurisprudence) was at first limited to rational inquiries for understanding the secondary principles of religion based on the essential ones, but due to the concept of Taghleed (obedience), Ijtihad and Taghleed gradually replaced mufti and mustafti, the simpler form of the same subject, especially in the Shiite culture.
Ijtihad and Taghleed in Shiism were somehow related to Imamate and deputyship from the immaculate Imams and hence different from the orthodox thinking. Seyyed Morteza first proposed the particular subject matters of Ijtihad and Taghleed and his ideas were widely developed in the Helleh School. One of the most essential subjects among these was the condition that the mufti should be alive. More than anybody else, Allameh Helli brought this issue into his consideration which led to an increased attention to leadership controversy in Shiism. The legacy of the Helleh School in
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jurisprudence, especially the question of Ijtihad and Taghleed was transferred to the Safavid era and prepared the ground for Mohaghegh Karaki to put forward the concept Mojtahed-oz-Zamani [jurisprudent of the time]. The subject drew also the attention of the Arab Shiites in Syria and Shahid Thani, who lived in Ba'albak, wrote a separate treatise on the subject and insisted considerably on the condition. This paper traces the development of the issue from the Baghdad School to the Helleh School and from there to the Safavid era. Accordingly, the treatise by Shahid Thani, which contained significant arguments related to the issue, was translated and studied, as well.
Keywords: mufti, mustafti, Ijtihad, Taghleed, living jurisprudent, Mojtahed-oz-Zamani, leadership, Helleh School, Iranian jurisprudents.