خلاصه انگلیسى

In The Name of Allah the Compassionate, the Merciful

Abstracts

The Quarterly Pajuhishhaye Qur'ani, No.٢٣ & ٢٤ Which is now Presented to you, includes two sections: Topical Research and Qur'anic Monographs (miscellaneous articles). The special subject of this issue is Imam Ali(a.s) and the Qur'an. The articles in This issue are as follows.

Section one: Qur'anic Topical Research

The Impact of the Qur'an on Imam Ali's (a.s)Thought

Sayyid Musa Sadr

In this article, the impact of the Qur'an on Imam Ali's thought is discussed. This impact is divided into two categories by the writer: ١. Direct impact, i.e., the presence of Qur'anic knowledge and concepts with the same revelational structure in the Imam's thought. ٢.Indirect impact, i.e., the mastery on the spirit of Qur'anic knowledge. Viewpoints, insights, explanations and interpretations are rubricized as follows: the insight in evaluation; self-reflective glance at Being; acquiscent look at God; instrumental glance ot the world; admonitory glance ot history; purposive look at man; and experimental outlook toward life. In the part regarding explanation, these topics are viewed: definition and explanation of religious facts; analytical description of religious issues, and reasoning in proving religious facts. In all three parts, the writer has, by giving examples, described the deep impact of the Qur'an on lmam Ali's(a.s) thought and mind.

Semantic Field of Velayat in the Qur'an and Nahj ul-Balagha

Sayyid Heydar Alavi Nejad

If the term "velayat" is an emotional and friendly category, so also the velayat of Ali(a.s) , Which is confirmed in the Qur'an and hadiths, means That Ali(a.s) is a friend to the believers. However, if it is a term related to political and social Ma'arif , the verses and hadiths introducing Ali(a.s) as a vali and mawla, have indeed described and determined him in terms of governorship. Following up the semantic field verses of "velayat" , the writer views this term as a key word among such important vocabulary as: subordination, obedience, guidance, misguidance, the party of Allah, the party of satan, jihad in the way of Allah, and warfare in the way of taghut (despotism), delineating its relation to the above terms in a chart form.

Political theories of the Qur'an and Nahj-ul Balagha from Comparative point of View

Sayyid Ebrahim Sajjadi

Political theories which look with various and general approach at the advent of governments, conditions of the rulers, Purposes and ligitimacy of the governments, can be studied in both religious and extrareligious fields, utilizing specific resources in each field. Among Islamic sources, Ali's(A) sayings and life-history has particular significance owing to his mastery over the Qur'an and his commitment ot the Qur'an in all dimensions of his individual and social life. According to Ali's(A) perception of the Qur'an, a religious state has a "God - vicegeral" identity, and the ruler, due to possessing certain specialities, is the vicegerent of God on earth. This attitude considers the emergence of government as simultaneous with prophetic mission and the revelation of the Qur'an, and regards proards the Prophet's movement a step in the direction of establishing governments and rules. From the viewpoint of Imam Ali(a.s) the governor's awareness, moralism, and religiousness must be higher than all people of society. In view of God-vicegerency, providing security for society, provision of public welfare, execution of Divine laws, Training human beings, and supperssing disturbances are among duties of the rulers and their assistants. And the origin of political legitimacy is the merits present in the leader and the functionaries, and the realization of the goals of the government. Subordination to the state and people's dutifulness are sources of national authority. Regarding Imam Ali's(a.s) statements on chapters of political theoris in the Qur'an, it is concluded that the theory of God-vicegerency is undoubtedly different from other political theories and has no similarity with the theory of "social convention", "theocracy", etc.

Ali (a.s) and Qur'anic Humanism

Muhammad Bahrami

In this article, human nature is studied and a comparison is made between psychologists' viewpoints, Quranic verses, and Imam Ali's(a.s) sayings. The comparison first covers the Jewish and Christian thoughts on human hature, then proceeds to dividing the psychologists' viewpoints into three groups: ١. A group who consider human nature as evil, ٢. A group who consider it as good, ٣. A group that view man both demonish and angelic. There are indications in the Qur'anic verses and Ali's(a.s) sayings confirming the third viewpoint, for man possesses both animal and human aspects as well as dichotomous tendencies.

Foundations of Understanding the Qur'an in Imam Ali's view

Sayyid Husayn Hashemi

This article seeks to discuss the factors, tools, and the criteria of understanding the Qur'an from the viewpoint of Imam Ali(a.s). In the first part, it introduces the Qur'an as an understandable book and in the second, it talks about the factors and tools of understanding the Qur'an which include the Qur'an, tradition, and the words of Ahlul Bayt (a.s). It then Touches upon the Qur'an's capabilities and its flexibilty to various and multitude understandings and, dividing numerous understandings into consistent and incostistent, it contends that the Qur'an only tolerates the consistent understandings. So, among various understandings only one is correct, and others are incorrect. The origin of inconsistent is the kind of view and expectation that the interpreter has toward the Qur'an. In the end, the criterion for selecting a correct understanding among incorrect ones is introduced.

the Talking Silent Book; A Description by the Commander of the Faithful(a.s)

Muhammad Reza Ershadi Nia

Imam Ali(a.s), in amazing words, has described the Qur'an as talking silent. The present article, referring to several verses and hadiths, expounds this attribution and explains how these two incompatible attributes coexist in the Qur'an.

Ali (a.s) and the Qur'an

Sayyid Abdul Amir khan

Translated by sayyid Heyhar Alavi Nijad In this writing the way that the verses of the Qur'an open up to knowing Ali's(a.s) feature is searched. It also views the verses about great prophets as an analogy of dimensions of Ali's(a.s) personality and expounds the similarities between these two; thus drawing a perfect portrate of Ali(a.s) theroghout the Qur'an. Among these are the verses of "muttaqin" , "mu'minin" and "abrar" and the attributes experssed for them that Ali is their only or their best verifier.

Manifestation of the Qur'an in Imam Ali's(a.s) Seerah

Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Muballigh

This article seeks to elaborate on the impact of the Qur'an on Imam Ali's(a.s) practical seerah and performance in political and non-political fields. Brining up several verses in each section, the article also indicates their impact on Ali's(a.s) seerah and manners, and searches through the Qur'an for indications of Ali's(a.s) endeavors and self-sacrifice, supplication and deprication, Judgement and Justice, guarding the unity of the Islamic community, and his oppressed silence.

The Bond between the Qur'an and the Commonder of Faithful(a.s)

Abdul Hakim Ziya

Ali's(a.s) relation to the Qur'an is considered by the prophet(s.a.w) as one of companionship which is constantly set up until the Resurrection. This article seeks to expound the quality of the Qur'an's companionship with Ali(a.s). Possibilities available in this regard, various kinds of companionship, including unity and oneness; cause and effect relation; scientific, spiritual and natural relations,with proof from several verses and hadiths are discussed.

Section tow Miscellaneous Qur'anic Articles

Literal Analysis of the Qur'an, Tafsir, and Seerah in Methodology of John Wansbrough

Andrew Rippin    Murtaza karimi Nia

In his "Qur'anic Studies'' and "Sectarian Environment", John Wansbrough a proffessor at London School of Eastern and African Studies, has made a literal analysis of the Qur'an as a historical text and source, and with a textual research tries to find historical evidence of reports in the Qur'an from the past events among the early and neutral sources in order to determine the degree of trustability of the Qur'an and clarifies its enjoyment of truth. In this article, the writer surveys, analyzes and to some extent criticizes the two books by the above writer and his other writings, and some of their critics.

An Indication of The Qur'an's Scientific Miracle

Reza Hushyar

In this article, examples of Scientific miracles of the Qur'an which have been unknown before man's access to them, e.g., production of milk through blood and dung of animals, are reviewed. The Qura'n has, in verse ٦٦ of sura Nahl, mentioned this point and considers it as a source of admonition. The artical first explains some terms of this verse and then gives its general meaning, and finally answers some questions asked about the verse, with reference to biology. In line with the latter, the article explains the way food is digested and absorbed in stomach and blood circulation, and that the milk is produced upon transformations occuring inside the body. In the end, it reviews tafsirs by interpreters of the verse and the viewpoints of the early sources on this topic. The impact of discrepancies in Readings on Tafsir Husayn Ashuri In this article, referring to the discrepancies in readings of the Qur'an, the writer touches upon their impact on tafsir and different readings which have a role in tafsir, and points out some differences in readings. In the end, he considers the role of the readings in tafsir as the role of exposition, explanation, expansion in the meaning, and the removal of illusions and ambiguities from the meanings of verses, and for each one of them presents several examples and analyses.

Equivalence in the Qur'anic Terms

Muhammad Hasan Rabbani

In this article, the topic of equivalence in words are talked about, namely the use of several words with the same meaning. first the possibility and the occurance of equivalence form phylologists' viewpoints are examined and its elements are brought up. Then, dozens of examples of equivalence which are scattered in the Qur'an are collected and some instances of occurance are reviewed.

An Approach to Detached Letters

Kamaluddin Ghrab

Several chapters of the Qur'an begin with detached letters. Interpreters consider these letters as incomprehensible and as secrets between God and the holy Prophet (saw). Following a deliberation on these letters, the article enumerates four effects for their application in the Qur'an which include: meaning-seeking, providing spiritual humility, proclaiming facts which do not fall within discourse, and displaying semantic and psychological field of some words.

Qur'anic Definitions ; an Unknown Branch of Qur'anic Sciences

Muhammad Reza Ibn ul - Rasul

What is brought up in this writing is presenting a wide-spread research into the Qur'an and hadith, on the basis of which terms relating to the field of religion and other instituuions are studied from the viewpoint of Qur'anic "definition". Presented for the first time, this research can be taken into account as a new discipline in various kinds of Qur'anic sciences. Here, techniques of the Qur'anic definitions as well as the necessity and purposes of this research are expounded.

The Status and Validity of Exegetical Heritage of the Infallibles (a.s)

Ali Akbar Rustami

The article elucidates the significance of words of Itrat (the family of the Prophet-saw) in interpretation of the Qur'an and touches upon the authority of Hadith-i- Thaqalayn, quoting some points from several great scholars .while examining its contents. Then it proceeds to the expance of exegetical heritage of the infallibles and its status and role in Tafsir. Next, it examines the authority and validity of the non-conclusive narrations which have found their way into tafsir, brings up viewpoints of several well-known early and contemporary interpreters on validity of exegetical narrations, and tries to evaluate these viewpoints.

Tafsir of Akramah from an Analytical Outlook

Mahdi Husayni Elmi

Apart from Ali(a.s) who enjoys a high status in tafsir of the Qur'an, his devoted disciple-Ibn Abbass-has got a lofty place in interpretation, and is also known as "Tarjuman al-Qur'an". Following Ibn Abbass, his popular disciple, Akramah, also known as Mawla Ibn Abbass, is among the most important of the Tabi'an (successors) interprters. Examining his biography and personality as well as his ideological tendency, the artcile delves into viewpoints of his contemporaries and biographers, and the fault-findings brought up against him. Then, it takes into consideration the socio-political atmosphere of Akramah's era, and a brief history of tafsir from the beginning to his time. It goes on to enumerate the features of Tabi'an's tafsir - including Akramah himself - and analyzes his resources for tafsir through a statistical analysis of exegetical narrations he has left behind. In the end, the article reminds outstanding feature of his Tafsir, numbering ١٥ points.

A Glance at Sayyid Razi's "Haqa'iq al-Ta'wil"

Sayyid Mustafa Ahmad Zadeh

"Haqa'iq al-Ta'wil fi Mutishabih al - Tanzil" , is a tafsir by Sayyid Razi, the compiler of Nahj ul - Balaghah, and a well - known Shi'a author in fourth and fifth centuries A.H., which is now available in an nicomplete form, which consists of only a small part of the entire book. The article, takes into consideration the features of this Tafsir and sayyid Razi's exegetical method and style, pointing out in details and with reference to examples from the book, his viewpoints on the uneqivocal and the ambiguous verses, interpretation of the Qur'an through the Qor'an, the status of intellect and personal effort-ijtahad- in Tafair, and the use of literature and narration.