نشریه معرفت - موسسه آموزشی پژوهشی امام خمینی (ره) - الصفحة ١٢
ABSTRACTS
The Whispered Words of the Needy to the Deity (٢)
Ayatollah 'Allamah Mohammad Taqi Misbah
Abstract
The present paper seeks to elucidate Imam Sajjad's "whispered words of
utterly poor", on the basis of a lecture delivered by Professor
Ayatollah Misbah. During whisper prayers, man should first know what his
needs are and express them. Second, he should be certain that the Most
High God has unlimited power and can grant his needs. Third, he should
believe that only God can grant his needs.
The Most High God has bestowed upon us valuable boundless bounty and
when we think about them for a while we will realize how valuable it is
and thank God for it. In our prayers, we should not seek from God only
material and passing needs. In their recorded prayers, the infallible
Imams (peace be upon them) recommend that we concentrate in out
supplication on spiritual and transcendent values.
Key words: prayers, supplication, Imam Sajjad (peace be upon him), need of inherent poverty.
The Anthropological Foundations of Values
Afarin Qa'emi, Karim Khanmohammadi
Abstract
Over the history, every community has had its own values and norms all
of which have been inspired from their basic insights (principles).
Therefore, demonstrating or setting them right can greatly influence the
scope and depth of their application and the extent of correct action
on the basis of them. The present paper briefly focuses on
"anthropological principles". One who believes in the idea that man has
two dimensions, the survival of soul after death, free will and duty,
and possibility that man can rise to the station of divine
vicegerency through achieving certainty and patience and observing
values is completely different from the person who does not believe in
them, in terms of thinking, intention, speech and action, because the
things which are value for him (for example, spiritualities and
sacrifice) may seem anti-value for the other and vice versa (for
example, luxury and faddishness), while both of them regard some natural
things (for example, humanitarianism and perfectionism) as values and
some other things (for example, oppression, humiliation and ridicule) as
anti-values. Using an analytical-descriptive method, the present paper
sheds light on this issue.
Key words: anthropology, immateriality of soul, intellection, free will, divine vicegerency, responsibility, value.
The Role of Accepting the Authority of the Holy Prophet's Household in Personal Security and a Psychological Analysis of It
Mohammad Zare'i Toopkhaneh
Abstract
The present paper seeks to study the role of accepting the authority of
Holy Prophet's household in ensuring a believer's personal
security. Security is one of man's basic needs, which paves the
ground for meeting other needs can be met. This paper, first, sheds
light on the importance of security from the view of religion and
psychology. It briefly points out to the sources of security in
psychology. Then, relying on religious texts, it refers to the damages
that come to man and considers accepting the authority of Holy Prophet's
household as one of the factors which contributes to security. Using a
descriptive-analytical method and a psychological analysis, this paper
seeks to study how "accepting the authority of Holy Prophet's household"
plays role in "personal security. The research findings indicate that
invulnerability is one of the basic functions of accepting this
authority, which brings about personal security in worldly (physical,
financial, spiritual and mental) and other worldly dimensions.
Invulnerability is realized through following parameters: recognizing
interests and damages, modeling, sense of control, hope in having
support, meaningfulness of life and the Unseen aid.
Key words: personal security, accepting authority by Holy Prophet's household, invulnerability.
A Review of the Concept of Self-Knowledge in the View of Islam and Deducing Its Educational Aims and Methods
Sheida Riyazi Haravi, Babak Shamshiri
Abstract
In the view of Islam, Self-knowledge is a fundamental concept which can
be accessed through internal (microcosmic) and external (macrocosmic)
knowledge and it is the very origin of many moral and educational
teachings. Accordingly, the present paper sheds light on the concept of
self-knowledge in the view of Islam and extracts educational objectives
and methods inspired from this concept. This is a qualitative research
and a descriptive-interpretive method and a theological approach are
used to examine the idea of self-knowledge according to Islam. So, it
first refers to the Quran and commentaries of Shia theologians and
pundits. We can conclude that, according to the view of Islam,
rationality is the basis of internal and external self-knowledge,
purification of soul and man's spiritual perfection, and it is related
to the educational objectives and methods inspired from this concept.
Key words: anthropology of Islam, self-knowledge in Islam, educational objectives, educational methods.
A Content Analysis of Textbooks on Religious education for the Intermediate Schools with Regard to Providing the Fiqhi (Legal) Decrees which Female Students Need to Know
Fatimah Alipoor, Fa'ezeh Nateqi, Aliraza Faqihi
Abstract
The present paper analyzes the content of the books on religious
education for intermediate schools with regard to fiqhi decrees which
female students need to know. It is a content analysis research in which
a descriptive method is used. The statistical population includes three
books on religious education for grades one, two and three and these
books have been selected as a sample and studied carefully. A
researcher-made checklist is used to gather data which is analyzed by
descriptive statistics. The most important findings are as follows:
there is no topic on fiqhi decrees about religious duties in these three
books, and the fiqhi decrees about imitating a religious authority as
Marja' have been referred to very briefly. The fiqhi decrees which need
more emphasis, including those related to Mahram (Anyone a Muslim is not
allowed to marry is mahram) and non-mahram (Anyone a Muslim is allowed
to marry is non- mahram), have not been given due attention, while
special emphasis is given to fiqhi decrees about worship.
Key words: fiqhi decrees, content analysis, books on religious education, puberty and adolescence.
Confidence in God: Its Requirements and Obstacles According to Traditions
Najmeh Heidari, Khalil Moravvej
Abstract
Having searched for the traditions about confidence in God, and summing
up, classifying and processing the data, the present paper demonstrates
that the question of confidence in God is confirmed by traditions.
Traditions refer to endeavor and friendship with the Holy Prophet's
household (peace be upon them) as prerequisites for confidence in God,
and refer to ta'weeth (amulet) and augur evil as the obstacles of its
realization. This paper examines the relationship between confidence in
God and self-confidence, and underlines the prerequisites and obstacles
to confidence in God which are mentioned in traditions.
It is emphasized that lawful amulets can be used together with
confidence in God and good omen can be a substitute for confidence in
God. Confidence in God requires endeavor as it complement. Another
prerequisite of confidence in God is friendship with the Holy Prophet's
household. Self-confidence gets meaning when associated with confidence
in God and His servitude, and both self-confidence and confidence in God
are very close together.
Key words: confidence in God, prerequisites, obstacles, self-confidence, the Quran, tradition.
Good Character: Grounds, Functions and Skills
Ali Husseinzadeh
Abstract
The present paper takes a probing look at the meaning of good
character, its limits, the conditions which prepare the grounds for its,
its effects, and the skills needed to create and strengthen it. This
paper seeks to find the best modus operands for the stability and
endurance of life, quiescence and happiness of the family members,
satisfying their demands, meeting their affective and emotional needs
and achieving felicity. An analytical-descriptive method is used in this
research which is based on religious and psychological data. The main
findings are: the necessity of taking into consideration the parameters
of choosing a spouse in order to prepare the ground for children's good
character, having enough skill to cope with various types of characters
in life and placing value on good character as the main basis of success
in life.
Key words: good temperedness, good character, adjustment, family nobility, quiescence.
An introduction to Avicenna and Jahiz's Views about the Principles of Education
Reza Ali Nouroozi, Hassan Ali Bakhtiar Nasrabadi, Kamal Nosrati Hashi, Mohammad Shahi
Abstract
The present paper seeks to elaborate on Avicenna and Jahiz's views
about the principles of education. An analytical-deductive method is
used in this paper which uses available resources to deduce and analyze
their views about the principles of education. The findings indicate
that there are similarities and differences between the principles
adopted by Avicenna and those adopted by Jahiz. Attention to individual
differences, recommending rationalism, changeability of attributes,
moderation in learning, collective learning, preparing appropriate
grounds for learning, adjusting educational programs to man's
developmental stages and paying attention to learners' interest in
acquiring sciences are among the similarities. The main difference
between the views adopted by each of them is that Avicenna pays special
attention to the principle of self-knowledge, self-refinement,
occupational training, an instructor's qualification and expertise, and
attention to the facilities in the process of educational work while
Jahiz pays attention to no one of them.
Key words: principles of education, Jahiz, Avicenna.
An Analysis of the Educational Themes in Jami's Book, Baharestan
Narges Tahavvori, Mohammad Behnamfar
Abstract
Jami's book, Baharestan, is one of the most important educational works
of the ٩th century (solar), which, imitating Sa'di's book entitled
Golestan, combines prose and poetry. The present paper entitled "an
analysis of educational themes in Baharestan" is a library survey and
uses content analysis and descriptive methods. The research findings
indicate that the educational issues in Baharestan are apparently
discussed on the basis of Imam Mohammad Ghazali's view, correspond with
his thoughts relating to education in family, school and society, and
its educational themes are based on justice, attention to subjects,
acquiring science, trustworthiness, and good conduct. Like Imam
Mohammad Ghazali, Jami believes that the ultimate aim of education is
purification of soul and refraining from corruption in order to achieve
sublime human excellences and finally attain nearness to God.
Key words: Baharestan, Jami, education, educational themes.
The Risk Factors of Spiritual-Liturgical Training of Children in the Family at the Time of Marriage
Khadem Hussein Fazeli, Abulfazl Sajedi
Abstract
In Islam, starting a family and correct training of children is of
special importance and is considered as a way for transcendence. Success
in spiritual-liturgical training of children is contingent upon the
lack of risk factors in marriage and selection of a spouse. Therefore,
it is very necessary to know the grounds and factors which harm
spiritual-liturgical training of children at time of marriage and prior
to it. The present paper seeks to delve into the risk factors of
spiritual- liturgical training of future children in family at the time
of marriage and prior to it according to religious resources and view of
specialists in order to help those who have concern about marriage,
selection of spouse and training their future children. Pathology of
spiritual-liturgical training of children in family at the time of
marriage and prior to it is one of the most important things in our
investigation of this issue. This paper examines the risk factors of
spiritual-liturgical training by using a descriptive-analytical method.
Among the research findings are irreligiosity of spouse, lack of
cultural and ideological agreement between the couple who want to marry,
bad-temperedness, the habit of drinking wine, lack of intellectual
conformity between the couple, hereditary illnesses and imposed
marriages . . . -which are considered risk factors as well.
Key words: marriage, family, risk factors, education, child, liturgical, spiritual.