نشریه معرفت - موسسه آموزشی پژوهشی امام خمینی (ره) - الصفحة ١١
A New Look at Nearness to God
Ayatollah 'Allamah Mohammad Taqi Misbah
Abstract
The present paper, which expounds Munajat al-Muhibeen(whispered prayer
of the lovers) by Imam Sajjad (the lord of those who prostrate God) and
introduces a new interpretation of the idea of nearness to God.
Sometimes “nearness” has a physical meaning and sometimes it refers to
abstract and metaphysical ideas. “Nearness” It is one of the most common
terms in Islamic sciences and monotheistic religions. According to the
first interpretation, nearness to God does not have a physical, spatial
or temporal meaning; rather, it refers to the spiritual nearness and
proximity to God. According to the second interpretation, nearness to
God is a spiritual and real thing and it means the nearness to God, not
in the conventional meaning. According to the third interpretation,
nearness has an ontological idea possessed by all the servants of God.
God’s minute by minute effusion of existence dependent on nearness to
God. The meaning of nearness to God is known in the light of religious
acts of worship where by man reaches a position which makes him have
better vision of God and contemplate Him. However, having a vision of
God by eye of heart has different levels.
Key words: nearness, nearness to God, witnessing God, ontological nearness, the nature of nearness.
The Role of Islamization of Educational Content
in Internalizing Islamic Values
Seyyed Mohammad Sadiq Moosawinasab, Hadi Razzaqi, Hussein Khatibi
Abstract
The florescence and internalization of Islamic values
which contribute to establishing identity are based on direct and
indirect methods of education. One of the indirect methods is
incorporating divine values in scientific books and textbooks for
Islamizing their contents. In this way the Islamic book cherishes values
even books of mathematics or sciences.
Analyzing the role of the Islamic book content in internalizing Islamic
values is related to the exact knowledge of Islamic content. Having
known the criteria of distinguishing Islamic content from non-Islamic,
we find that the Islamic book has five roles and functions in the
internalization of values such as cherishing monotheism, cultivating the
intellect, teaching traditions, achieving perfection and cherishing of
values. These are the functions that gradually and indirectly
internalize Islamic values. Internalization of values by means of
Islamic books can contribute to the promotion of man’s perfection and
building Islamic identity and personality.
Key words: analysis of book content, Islamization of educational
content, Islamic textbook, Islamic science, curriculum content, methods
of internalizing Islamic values.
The Methods of Actualization of Values
Reza Zare'i Samangan, Seyyed Rasool Koohestani, Qolam Ali Zare', Mohammad Reza Qanbari
Abstract
Methodology is a prerequisite for man's success and among the thing,
which man likes to achieve is happiness. Therefore, as a book of
guidance the holy Quran regards man's happiness as a basic need and
achieving it requires the revival of divine values. The Qur’an has
defined values and make known to man what methods can be used to
actualize them. It is necessary for those who are in charge of the
educational affairs to get familiar these methods. Using a documentary
method, the present paper reviews the methods proposed by the Qur’an and
traditions (rewayat) to actualize these values.
The research findings include: preparing the grounds for the acceptance
of values by stripping thoughts away from disvalues; replacing
anti-values by values; proposing axiological models frequent observance
of values, stimulating benefactors.
Key words: values, education, actualization of values.
Multicultural Policy and Cherishing Values: Cherishing Islamic Values in a Multicultural World
Mohammad Ali Tavana, Aris Dawoodi
Abstract
Nowadays, the world witnesses the formation of increasingly
interconnected and multicultural societies, as a result, serious
attention is given to multicultural policies to resolve the problems of
the variety of cultures, nations and religions, which has brought about
some changes to educational policies. In other words, the present
multicultural situation demands particular educational policies. Using a
descriptive-analytical method, according to the present paper the
present multicultural situation has prepared the grounds for the
promotion of cherishing Islamic values, on one hand and Islamic values
are capable for coping with this situation on the other hand. Having
described the multicultural situation, the author examines the
relationship between this situation and the education of Islamic values.
He, finally makes explicit that Islamic tradition has the capability of
confronting this situation and presenting for the world Islamic values,
especially in as far as cherishing values is concerned.
Key words: multiculturalism, Islamic values, education, evaluation of relationship, futurology.
The Role of Mass Media in Cherishing Social Values with Emphasis
on the National Media
Seyyed Hussein Sharaf-Al-din
Abstract
Exiology, system which is the most important and fundamental cultural
constituent of every society usually reorganize itself as abstract and
annexed manifestations through its gradual penetration and infusion into
individuals' personality structure, institutions, and social
structures. It continues to exist like a stream in psychological and
social contexts and in a dominant semantic and discourse sphere of
society. Cherishing values and other relevant constituents depends
mainly on certain factors, and means. Nowadays, mass media, especially
visual media, is considered as the most distinguished canal for
cherishing, reviving, strengthening, change, modification, and even
increase of values.
Using a sociological and communicative approach, the present
paper tries to analyze and review the role of the national media in
rereading, cherishing, disseminating, distinguishing and preserving
Islamic values or the values approved by Islam. Special attention is
given to the national media, which represents a public university and
one of the cultural arms of Islamic system by referring to normative
infrastructures and institutionalized expectations.
Key words: culture, norm, value, media, national media, sociability.
The System of Values, Personality and Change
Ali 'Isazadegan
Abstract
Theoretical findings show that axiological system is considered man's
most fundamental belief and it exerts influence on man’s behavior. The
present paper tries to study the relationship between axiological
system, personality and change. The study is based on library resources
and a review method. The research findings show that openness to
experience, adjustments and accountability are among the five aspects of
personality which have close relation with values. The important
factors which influence value change are: globalization, individualism
and dominance of modern thoughts. Therefore, mental norms and values
change when changes occur in the relations of personal and social life.
Education along with a fundamental religious view about the development
of personality can contribute to preserving fundamental values from any
change.
Key words: axiological system, personality, change, Islamic education.
An Inquiry into the Role of School in Cherishing Values
Soolmaz Rouhani, Ashraf Baqeri
Abstract
Using an analytical approach and documentary survey, the present paper
tries to briefly study the role which educational system plays in
cherishing values, taking into consideration the role of instructor,
learner, peers, the school atmosphere, and interaction between
educational system and axiological system.
Human relations at school are among the important factors of fostering
values. The learner and instructor are two main pillars of human
relations and the latter plays an important role in ensuring the mental
health of the learners. In the process of expounding the values, the
learner harmonizes between his/her own group their demands, by
assimilating the culture. Besides, the peers, pave the way for
cherishing the values by establishing horizontal relation of the
facilities of learning social skills.
The influence of teaching elements including the textbooks, instructor
and evaluation method is considered one of principles of designing the
curriculum. The values acquired by a learner at school will exert no
influence, and the learners who undergo socialization will forget ideals
they learned at school if these values are incompatible with those
governing social relations.
Key words: value, education, human relations, curriculum, relations
A Critique of Value Conceptualization according
to Dewey's Pragmatism and Its Educational Implications
Babak Shamshiri, mohammad Jawadi Nikoo
Abstract
Axiology is one of the main disciplines of philosophy and philosophy of
education. Basically, getting familiar with values is considered as the
basis for philosophy of ethics and moral education. Every philosophical
school of education provides its own explanation about the nature and
criteria of values. This situation has led to developing a variety of
models and theories in the sphere of moral education. The present paper
tries to analyze and criticize the concept of value according to Dewey's
pragmatism and its implications in the area of moral education.
In this philosophical study an interpretive-descriptive approach
is used. The research findings show that according to Dewey the basis of
values are concealed in personal and social activity; that is, the
domain of values has some direct and indirect pragmatic influence on the
process of personal and social life. Such a belief leads to relativism
in terms of values through rejecting values as being essential.
Key words: value, pragmatism, curriculum, teaching-learning method, evaluation.