نشریه معرفت - موسسه آموزشی پژوهشی امام خمینی (ره) - الصفحة ١٠
Manifestations of Knowledge of and Love for God
Ayatollah 'Allamah Mohammad Taqi Misbah
Abstract
The present paper expounds Imam Sajjad's supplication about the effects
and requirements of love for God. Among the effects of love are the
desire to see the beloved, attention to Him, loving Him heartily
together with everlasting rapture and desire through which the lover
tries to reach the beloved. The joy of desire is not love and rapture;
rather, the lover has a far better joy than any kind of material – a joy
which cannot be realized easily. Regarding the question whether or not
love leads to knowledge we can say that, naturally, one does not love
something when one neither knows what it is nor finds any ecstasy in it,
because love is a perceptive thing which is based on knowledge.
Therefore, love will not last without knowledge. So, we should always
remember God all the time and let no place in our heart for the love of
any except Him.
Key words: passion, love, rapture, love for God, kinds of material joy, knowledge.
Peace and War in the Lifestyle of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny)
Hamed Montazeri Moqaddam
Abstract
Incorrect explanation of the different wars and peace treaties which
occurred during Holy Prophet's lifetime raises the doubt that Islam is a
"religion of sword". Today, Takfiries who are so-called Muslim have
developed "Islamophobia" through their inhuman activities. Therefore,
the present paper investigates the question of war and peace in the
lifetime of Holy Prophet who is regarded as a good example. In the Holy
prophet's lifestyle, his only real aim was to invite people to God; no
doubt, he did his hardest to avoid being in a war. Rizwan Allegiance,
which accompanied the treaty of Hodaybiyyah and was a sign of Muslims'
strength, had led to the consolidation of peace. With this treaty, the
Holy Prophet guaranteed security through his heroic act of flexibility
and managed to give his message a universal property. The aim of
the wars which Muslims fought in Holy Prophet's lifetime was to defend
the territory of Islam or to remove the obstacles in the way of
spreading Islam; therefore they are considered holy wars during which
mercy and kindness were given special attention.
Keywords: the Holy Prophet's lifestyle, the Holy
Prophet's peace, Rizwan Allegiance, Hodaybiyyah peace treaty, the Holy
Prophet's wars, conquest of Mecca, invitation to Islam.
Production of a Culture of Performing Prayers in the Holy Prophet's Lifestyle (peace be upon him and his progeny)
A'zam Rahmatabadi
Abstract
A review of the methods used by the Holy Prophet for promoting the
culture of performing prayer in society can provide parents, instructors
and administrative authorities with one of the best models of promoting
religious teachings including prayer in modern society. The Holy
Prophet's mission was in a period in which ignorance, superstitions,
irrelevant biases, polytheism and idolatry were prevailing and in which
the manifestations of the worship of God were subject to
deviation. In such an environment, the Holy Prophet of Islam
(peace be upon him and his progeny) prepared the ground for the
spiritual relation between man, as a mean creature, and the Most High
God by offering a correct picture of the path of man's perfection and
his obedience to God and by fostering a culture of performing prayer. To
this end, the Holy Prophet’s efforts were directed to two main things:
١- culture- production of every single member of the society by
exerting influence on their spirit and thought through providing good
examples, correct training, promoting their knowledge and understanding,
tolerance and gradual education, etc. ٢- making use of the social and
political capacities by supervising the way of performing prayers and
conduct of prayer leaders and prioritizing prayer even in
political relations, etc. In this way, the Holy Prophet managed to
prepare the ground for internalization of the culture of performing
prayer among Muslims.
Key words: the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny), prayer, providing a culture of prayer.
The Holy Prophet's Strategy towards the Conspiracies of the Jewish in Medina
Habib Zamani Mahboob
Abstract
The Jewish were among the groups who seriously opposed the Holy Prophet
(peace be upon him and his progeny) after his emigration to Medina. The
Jewish were a dangerous threat to the newly-established religion of
Islam, but the Holy Prophet managed to face this threat, hatch the plots
which the Jewish devised and save Islam and Islamic territory by
explaining Islamic discourse, adopting systematic strategies and
policies and exercising a wise leadership. The Holy Prophet's strategies
to confront Jewish is as an important subject, and so the present
paper, using a historical analysis method and referring to the holy
Quran as the main source, and to first hand sources and some recent
studies and research, seeks to expound this issue. The research findings
indicate that the Holy Prophet managed to counter Jewish deceptions,
spoil their plots and protect Islam and Muslims from their conspiracies
by his overall and wise management. To this end, he used different kinds
of methods such as entering into treaty with Jewish, inviting and
guiding them to Islam, showing patience and tolerance and finally taking
a rigid attitude against them. The study of the Holy Prophet's
interaction with the Jewish and understanding the principles, frameworks
and logic of this interaction help contemporary Muslims to have a clear
idea about the principles and frameworks which they adopt in their
interactions with non-Muslims, harmonize their acts with their beliefs
and follow the lifestyle of Holy Prophet, who is a goodly example.
Key words: Jewish, Banu Qurayzah, Banu Qonayqa', Banu Nadir, the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny).
The Role of Zahra (peace be upon her) in Defending the Precinct of Guardianship
Zahra Rezaii, Sohrab Morovvati, Soheila Hemmati Mamu
Abstract
In Islam, Imamate or guardianship is regarded as one of the main
principles of beliefs and foundations of political, social and cultural
life, and, according to Shiah, guardianship enjoys a special and high
status, so that it ranks above prayer, fasting, hajj or jihad. The
approach adopted by Zahra (peace be upon her), who is the first
supporter and defender of rightful divine guardianship and the pioneer
in defending the precinct of guardianship, determines the axis of the
political and social values in the historical movement of Islam. Her
approach in defending the precinct of guardianship in the period between
the Holy Prophet's demise and her martyrdom represents one of the
important phases in the history of Islam. During this short period of
time, Zahra (peace be upon her), as a great politician, set up her
"political university" for defending guardianship and could, within less
than ١٠٠ days, promote her "political culture" and provide the
followers of truth with a torch of guidance. Therefore, Using a
descriptive-analytical method the present paper introduces a picture of
how the precinct of guardianship was defended and explains the critical
situation of the time by citing historical evidence. Finally, an account
is given about Zahra's theoretical and practical conduct in this
political conflict with the aim of consolidating the position of truth
and justice.
Key words: Zahra (peace be upon her), Imam Ali (peace be upon her), guardianship, defense, sermon.
Imam Reza's Political Thought and Conduct
Mohammad Farmahini Farahani, Mohammad Jawad Sartakhti
Abstract
Expounding a person's political thought and conduct can contribute to
the acquaintance with his beliefs and his role in determining political
behavior and also to his good understanding of the political structure
of the society. The importance of this issue will increase if one
analyzes the political structure in the framework of the scientific,
spiritual and social position and intellectual- political trends of his
time and takes a proper attitude to the political position on the basis
of his own doctrinal principles of faith.
Given the particular conditions of the rule of Banu 'Abbas and their
attempts to control Shias and infallible Imams' political activities,
the present paper, using a descriptive analytical method, studies Imam
Reza's political thought and conduct vis-à-vis Banu Abbas's political
behavior. Among the important research findings which are worth
mentioning are: Imam Reza's attempt to take Shias out of the circle of
dissimulation temporarily, highlight the issue of Imamate and expose the
political illegitimacy of 'Abbasid Caliphs.
Key words: thought, conduct, Imam Reza (peace be upon him), authority, political positions.
A Review of Marshal Hadgson's Main Views about Islamic History and Islamic Civilization
'Abdullah Hemmati Gelian
Abstract
Orientalists show different views about Islamic history and Islamic
civilization, one of which is the view adopted by Hadgson. Besides
addressing the influence of the different sociological, economic,
geographical and cultural factors on Islamic civilization, he tries to
compare it with the west-oriented tendency which is characteristic of
most orientalists' works and study the history of Islam in the broader
framework of the history of world. Therefore, the present paper seeks to
review his main views within the framework of Islamic studies, included
in his work "The Venture of Islam" and then he shows his special
attention to the historical processes in ecology, communal interests,
creative individuals' role, etc in an interesting way. Furthermore,
explaining the social conditions on the basis of the function of
military elite, bureaucratic officials and aristocrats and laying
emphasis on the status of Persian culture have special importance
because they can contribute to a deeper understanding of Islamic
civilization.
Key words: Hadgson's view, civilization, Islam, culture, Iranian-Semitic
A Review of the Discipline of the Historiography of Holy Prophet's Battles, with Emphasis on Waqidi's Historiography
Mahdi Ya'qoobi, Hamed Montazeri Moqaddam
Abstract
The Holy prophet's words and acts are known as "the Holy Prophet's
lifestyle" which includes his sermons, hadiths and actions regarding
various personal, social, cultural and political affairs which are deal
with in the books of history and biographies of the Prophet. The war led
by the Holy Prophet is usually called "Ghazwah", meaning “battle”.
Investigating these battles and presenting information about them are
called "Maghazi" meaning" place of Ghazwah". The compilation of such
information is technically called "Historiography of Maghazi", which is
grouped under the heading of biography. At the beginning of the
compilation of these kinds of information, historians gathered
information about the wars that occurred during the Holy Prophet's
lifetime, most of which were called "Maghazi (battles) of God's
Messenger". Later on, historiography of Maghazi, however, became part of
books on the biography of the Holy Prophet and due to the developments
in historiography, the biography of the Holy Prophet and Maghazi came to
mean one thing. Using a descriptive-analytical method, the present
paper studies the historiography of Maghazi and gives an account about
the former historiographers in this field, especially Mohammad Ibn 'Omar
al-Waqidi and his book "Al-Maghazi".
Key words: the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his
progeny), biography, Maghazi, biography, historiography of Maghazi,
Waqidi, Waqidi's Maghazi.